Extrusion press



Jan. 30, 1934. J E, HOY 1,944,982

' ExTRus IoN PRES s Filed Jan. 17, 1933 -4 sheets-sheet 1 w'mnsssss INVENTOR Jan. 3o, 1934. E, HOY 1,944,982

` I I EXTRUSION PRESS Filed Jan. 17, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jan. 30, 1934. J. E HQY l 1,944,982

EXTRUS ION PRES S Filed Jan. 17, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 1 i-97.3.

29 .1 12 Q36 .sa J5 43 sa y2- 34 4 :i .33 il 5 ifi/ 37 L-- J Q- Il I 4a 'f J7 A 62 63 f INVENToR WITNESSES a @GNT Patented( Jan. 30, i934 STATI-:s

PATENT OFFICE EXTRUSION PRESS Application January 17, 1933. Serial No. 652,127

10 Claims.

This invention relates to an extrusion press of the type employed for extruding rods, tubes, shapes and the like from metal billets, and has for its object generally stated to improve the construction of a press of this character to the end of rendering it more serviceable and dependable, as well as easier and more economical to operate than presses heretofore employed for the same or similar purposes.

A particular object is to provide in such a press for facilitating the charging or loading of the billets into the extrusion chamber and the removal from the press of the residue or tail of the billets which can not be extruded.

Another object is to provide for accurately registering the pressing ram, the extrusion chamber or barrel, and the extruding die when the extrusion operation is being performed.

These and various other objects, as well as the various other novel features and advantages of the invention, will be apparentwhen the following detailed description is read in conjunction with the accompanying' drawings, of which Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of a single embodiment of the invention, showing a portion of the extrusion barrel cut away to illustrate the extrusion die; Fig. 2 ahorizontal section taken on the line II-II of Fig. l, except for the extrusion barrel which is shown in plan; Fig. 3 a vertical section taken on the line III- III of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 av rear end view; Fig. 5 a vertical section taken on the line V-V of Fig. 4; Fig. 6 a side elevational view of a section of the front end of the press, showing the extrusion barrel or billet chamber in position for operation; and Fig. 'l a section taken on the line VII-VII of Fig. 1.

Referring in detail to the drawings, the particular embodiment of the invention illustrated is shown as comprising a pair of cast housings l and 2 located respectively at the extrudingA and the power ends of the press and rigidly tied together by four relatively large tie rods 5. Between these housings, but adjacent to the extrusion end of the press, there is provided a billet carriage 6 which is equipped with wheels 7 that are mounted on suitable axles and arranged to roll upon a pair of tracks 8 running axially of the press. Upon this carriage the billet container or extrusion barrel 12 is mounted, and to facilitate the loading or charging of the billets into it the carriage body is divided into a lower base section 9 and an upper relatively movable cradle section l1, the cradle 11 being recessed on the top to receive the billet container 12, and provided midway between its ends with a transverse groove 13 into which an annular rib 14 provided on the midsection is adapted to rest and thereby prevent endwise movement of the barrel relative to the cradle when the barrel is resting on the carriage.

According to the invention, to facilitate the loading of the billets into the extrusion barrel 12, the latter is adapted to `be rotated in a horizontal plane so that the billets may be readily charged into it at the side of the press. Toward this end a fluid pressure cylinder 15 is provided in the base section 9 of the carriage 6. In this cylinder a plunger 16 is arranged for vertical reciprocation in response to pressure supplied from any suitable source by a pipe 17, being provided with a shoulder 16a near its upper end on which a bearing ring 18 is mounted that in turn, through a ball race 19, engages the under side of the cradle 11. Above the shoulder 16a the piston ls further reduced and projects in the manner of a pivot in a recess 20 in the center of the cradle. On the lower end of the plunger 16 there is provided an annular rib 21 which engages the lower end of the cylinder `wall when the plunger is forced upwardly, and prevents the plunger from lifting the'cradle beyond what is necessary to permit the cradle 11 to be rotated freely on the supporting ring' 18, which functions as a pivotal support for the cradle. To prevent any such turning when the plunger is in its lowered position, interlocking lugs 23 are provided on the meeting edges of the cradle and the base 9 of the carriage, and for turning the cradle when elevated on its support, suitable openings 24 are provided in it for the reception of suitable pins which may be employed for such purpose.

Referring in detail to the extrusion barrel 12, as shown in section in Fig. 1 and in dotted lines in Fig. 6, an annular offset 25 is provided in the extrusion end thereof, and in this the extrusion die 26 is mounted. This die, for a purpose which will presently appear, is made in two sections, having an opening in the center thereof corresponding to the shape of article which it is desired to produce by the press. l

On the end of housing 1 adjacent the extrusion barrel thereis mounted a centering and baillesupporting frame 28 which is held in place by a plurality of bolts 29. To insure the accurate centering of this element in the middle of the opening 2'7 and in proper alignment with the end of ram 48 of the press, inclined shoulders 31 are provided on three of its sides, and between these and opposing faces 32 provided on brackets 33 secured to the end of the housing 1, wedging elements 3d are arranged, being equipped with brackets at one of their ends through which and the brackets 33 bolts 36 are extended which in turn are equipped with nuts 3'7 for selectively moving the wedges 3d to thereby adjust the center of the opening in the centering frame 28 in which a movable die-engaging plate 38 is mounted. The purpose of this plate, which is here shown made somewhat in the manner of the horseshoe having in it a central opening L.l1 for the passage of the shape formed by the die, is to prevent die 26 from being forced out of the end of the extrusion barrel 12 when the extrusion operation is being performed. However, so that the tail of a billet or the unextruded part thereof at the end of an extrusion operation may be quickly removed from the press, this plate, as shown best in lilig. 3, is mounted in a slot 39 in the frame 28 so that it can be withdrawn from the path or" the die aiter an extrusion operation, and for operating it, a threaded shaft d2 is connected to its outer end and passed through the threaded hub of a worm wheel 43 which is mounted to engage a worm lll carried on the drive shaft of an electric motor 45. This motor is preferably of a reversible type so that when run in .one direction it will cause the stop plate 38 to be drawn outwardly, and when run in the other it will force such plate into its die-engaging position.

in the power end or" the press there is provided the cutomary large power cylinder 46 having in it a plunger-type piston 47 to which the pressureapplying eiitruding ram 48 is attached. This is disposed in line with the center of the opening 27 in the extrusion end oi housing 1, and is adapted to he forced forward by the piston d'1 with the application of pressure to the cylinder L16 which may be supplied ina well known manner. ".io retrieve the piston d'7 and ram 48 after an extrusion operation, a pair of auxiliary pressure cylinders 49 is provided on the opposite sides of the housing 2. ,ln these a pair of plungers 5l is provided which are connected at their outer ends to a crosshead 52 which is arranged to reciprocate in slides 53 provided at the rear end of the housing. This crosshead in turn is connected by a' pair of connecting rods 54 with another crosshhead 55 which is secured to the forward end of the plunger 4*?. Hence with the application of fluid pressure to the cylinders 49, which may be suppliedas in the case of the other pressure cylinder in a well known manner, the plungers 5l may be forced rearwardly and therehy carry the plunger 47, the crosshead 55, and the plunger 43 with them, which is desired at the end o each extrusion operation.

When resting on the cradle 11 in line with th axis o the press, the anis or" the extrusion chamber 12 lies in a line slightly below, but in line with, that o the opening 27 extending through the central portion of the extrusion end housing l. To accurately hold the extrusion barrel in alignment with the center o the frame 26 and the ram 66 during an extrusion operation, a reciprocable clamping head 56 is provided which is adapted to force the barrel 12 agatnst the rear i'ace of the trarne 23, and this head 56 and the supporting frame 28 are provided with tapered faces 57 and 58 into which tapered faces 59 and 6l on the ends of the barrel 12 are adapted to engage. To avoid any interference from the cradle llthe faces 59 and 6l are so located that when the container l2 is forced tightly into the faces 57 and 58 the container is lifted slightly l free from the cradle, as shown in Fig. 6.

For operating head 56 two sets of pressure cylinders 62 and 63 are provided on the top and bottom centers of the housing 2 and equipped with pistons which are connected by connecting rods 64 and 65 with the head 56. The valving of these cylinders, which, like the other power cylinders in the press, are not shown as such is not deemed necessary, are adapted to be operated by any suitable source of pressure supply, and are so arranged that the cylinders at one end are capable of forcing the clamping head 56 into its extrusion-barrel-engaging position, and those at the other are capable of returning the head to its retrieved position.

To provide for moving the carriage 6 away from the end housing 1 so that the extrusion barrel 12 may be rotated to receive a billet, the clamping head 56 is loosely connected to the base 9 of the carriage 6 by connecting rods 66. The lengths of these rods 66 are such that when the clamping head 56 is retrieved the carriage 6 is moved sufliciently to free the barrel 12 from the housing l and permit it to be readily rotated on its pivot, and they are so connected to the carriage that they do not interfere with the head 56 when it is moved forward into extruding position, it being appreciated that the engagement of the head 56' with the barrel l2 will carry the carriage forward when the head 56 is moved forward.

In the operation of the press the die to be used for the particular shape to be extruded is first placed in the oiset 25 in theextrusion barrel 12. The billet is then loaded into the barrel, which is done when the barrel is turned at right angles to the extrusion pass. Next, the stop plate 38 is moved into its die-engaging position by the motor Li5 and the supporting frame 28 accurately centered through the adjustment of the wedges 34. The clamping head 56 is then moved forward from its retracted position until the barrel, which has been rotated into alignment with the extrusion pass after being loaded, is rigidlyheld in place with its ends tightly tting in the tapered oisets 57 and 58 in the frame 28 and the head 56, respectively. Thereafter pressure is applied to the main cylinder i6 and the ram 48 moved into the rear end of the extrusion barrel and into engagement with the billet. lThe rst part of this forward movement of the ram may be accomplished rapidly, but as soon as it engages thebillet the working pressure is applied and the billet is extruded in the customary fashion. l

When the extruding operation is completed to theextent that is possible by the movement of the ram against the rear end of the billet, the

pressure in the main cylinder 46 is released. The j l motor L.i5 is then operated to withdraw the dieengaging plate 38. With this removed the tail of the billet, together with the die, is then either pulled through the opening 27 in the end housing,

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or forced out of such opening by reapplying i" pressure to the pressure ram 68. A soon as such tail or unextruded portion of the billet passes the end of the housing, the die parts 26, which are formed in two parts for such purpose, are

lifted from the piece and returned to the billet container. The ram 48 is then retrieved by the application of pressure in the cylinders 49, and at the same time the clamping head 56 is returned to its normal inoperative position by the application of pressure to either the forward or rearward pressure cylinders 62 or 63, depending upon the mode of operating these cylinders.

As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, an extrusion press constructed in accordance with this invention is sturdy and dependable of construction, as well as easy and economical to operate. In addition, it has the further advantages that a billet may be readily and quickly charged into its extrusion chamber and the unextruded tail of the billet removed therefrom.

According to the provisions of the patent statutes, I have explained the principle and mode of operation of my invention, and have illustrated and described what I now consider to be its best embodiment.. However, I desire to have it understood that, within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specically illustrated and described.

I claim:

1. An extrusion press .comprising a housing, an extrusion barrel arranged adjacent said housing, a carriage supporting said barrel, a cradle adapted to engage said barrel mounted for rotation in a horizontal plane on said carriage, means for clamping said barrel against and moving it away from said housing in line with an opening therein, means for releasably locking said cradle in axial alignment with said opening in the housing and a power-operated plunger arranged to pass through and force the metal from said barrel through the opening in said housing.

2. An extrusion press comprising a housing, an extrusion barrel for receiving material to be extruded disposed adjacent said housing in line with an opening therein, a carriage for moving said barrel into and out of its extruding position, a cradle rotatable in a horizontal plane mounted on said carriage for receiving and supporting said barrel, means for clamping said barrel against and moving it away from said housing, and power-operated moans for extruding from said extrusion barrel material contained therein.

3. An extrusion press comprising a housing, an extrusion barrel for receiving the material to be extruded disposed in line with an opening therein adjacent said housing, a carriage movably supporting said barrel, a cradle' on said carriage adapted to engage said barrel and to be rotated in a horizontal plane to facilitate the charging of the barrel, means for clamping said barrel against and moving it away from said housing, and power-operated means for extruding from said barrel material disposed therein.

4. An extrusion press comprising a housing, an extrusion barrel for receiving material to be extruded disposed adjacent said housing in line with an opening therein, a movable carriage for supporting said barrel, a cradle normally held against rotation arranged on said carriage to Y engage said barrel, means pivotally engaging said away from said housing, and power-operatedv means for extruding from tsaid barrel material disposed therein.

5. An extrusion press comprising a housing, an extrusion barrel disposed ladjacent said housing in line with an opening therein, a carriagermovably supporting said barrel, a rotatable cradle from, a power-operated ram for forcing the mamounted on said carriage to engage said barrel whereby it may be rotated to facilitate its loading, means for clamping said barrel against and moving it away from said housing, said barrelclamping means and said housing being adapted to cooperate with the barrel for centering it when it is forced against the housing by the clamping means, and power-operated means for extruding from said barrel material disposed therein for extrusion.

6. An extrusion press comprising a housing having a vertical opening extending therethrough, an extrusion barrel for receiving material to be extruded disposed adjacent thereto in line with said opening, a split die removably mounted in the end of said barrel adjacent said housing, a slotted plate removably mounted in said housing at the end of the opening therein adjacent said barrel to engage said die, means for forcing material contained in the extrusion barrel through said die when engaged by said slotted plate, and means for .removing said slotted plate from in front of said die to permit the die and any unextruded material to be moved from the press at the end of an extrusion operation. l

7. Anextrusion press comprising a housing, an extrusion barrel disposed adjacent said'housing in line with an vopening therein, a carriage movably supporting said barrel, a cradle rotatably mounted on said carriage engaging said barrel, a clamping head 'disposed behind said barrel, power means connected to said clamping head for moving said barrel tightly against said housing and away from it, a split die -removably mounted in 110 the forward end of said barrel, a removable dieengaging plate mounted in said housing for engaging said die and preventing it from leaving said barrel when metal is being extruded thereterial to be extruded out of the extrusion barrel through said die, and means for moving said dieengaging plate out of the path of said die to permit the unextruded portion of the material in the extrusion barrel to be readily removed at the end of an extrusion operation.

`8. An extrusion press comprising a housing, an extrusion barrel disposed adjacent said housing in line with an opening therein, a carriage for movably supporting said barrel, means on said carriage for rotating said barrel to a loading position, a clamping head disposed behind said barrel, power means for forcing said head against said barrel to tightly force it against said housing, a split die removably mounted in the forward end of said barrel, a removable die-engaging plate mounted in a frame attached to said housing for engaging said die and preventing it from leaving said barrel when material is being extruded therefrom, means for centralizing said frame and i2 die-engaging plate in the opening in said housing, power-operated means for forcing the material to be extruded out of the extrusion barrel through said die, and means for moving said dieengaging plate out of the path of said die. 1

9. An extrusion press comprising a front and rear end housing rigidly tied together, an extrusion barrel arranged adjacent said front end housing in line with an opening therein, a carriage for movably supporting said barrel, means `.1i on said carriage for -turning said barrel to facilitate the loading of material into it, a clamping head disposed behind said barrel, power means mounted in said rear end housing and connected to said clamping head for moving it to force said L barrel tightly against the front end housing. a connection between said head and said carriage for pulling said carriage rearwardly with said head, a die removably mounted in the forward end of said, barrel, a removable die-engaging plate mounted in said iront end housing for engaging said die and preventing it from leaving said barrel when material is being extruded therefrom, a power-operated ram mounted in said rear end housing for forcing the material to be extruded out of the extrusion barrel, and means for moving said die-engaging plate out of the path of said die.

lil. An extrusion press comprising a front and rea end housing rigidly tied together, an ex- Leaaaea trusion barrel arranged adjacent said housing in line with an opening therein, a carriage for movably supporting said barrel, means on said carriage for engaging and turning said barrel to facilitate the loading of material into it, a clamping head disposed behind said barrel, power means mounted in said rear end housing for moving said head to force said barrel against said front end housing, a. loose connection between said head and carriage for moving the carriage away from the front housing-when the head is backed away from the extrusion barrel, and means for forcing therefrom material contained in said extrusion barrel.

JOHN E. HOY.

ist 

